Discuss the significance of the Marabar Caves in the total design of A Passage to India.

Answer: Marabar Caves serve a really outstanding significance within the far-famed humanitarian novel "A Passage to India". within the Marabar Caves the cross cultural tensions rises to its climax. In these caves Mrs. Moore, Adela Quested and Aziz area unit entirely modified. The visit to those cause causes the physical and religious breakdown of Mrs. Moore, leads Adela Quested to the verge of madness and lads Aziz to his absolute ruin. The visit to the Marabar Caves shows that a passage to Asian nation isn't potential. It additionally shows the racial prejudice of the Christians against Islam. currently we have a tendency to shall see what happens within the Marabar Caves. Read the full answer at http://www.josbd.com/Forster_2.html

Discuss Forster's treatment of the theme of imperialism.

Answer: A Passage to India may be a renowned novel of E. M. Forster written concerning victimization or imperialism. it absolutely was revealed in 1924 once India was inarticulate underneath the iron heals of British imperialism. The Indians were troubled for freedom underneath the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi. The perspective of British Government towards the new chesty for freedom was terribly hostile. tho' European country might have created its subject railroads run on time, it's not been ready to establish important relationship with its subject folks. British Government on its policy of Divide and Rule >>> Find the Complete Answer at http://www.josbd.com/Forster_1.html

Consider Joseph Andrews as a comic- epic in prose.

It is true that area unit able to} term “Joseph Andrews” as a ‘comic- epic in prose’ as a result of it's most the stipulations that are vital for labeling it as a ‘comic epic in prose’.

Joseph Andrews as a comic- epic in prose.

Fielding himself termed it as a ‘comic-epic literary work in prose’ within the ‘preface to Joseph Andrews’. Fielding claimed that he was commencement a brand new genre of writing however this wasn't entirely correct. There was an extended tradition of such writing before him, although it had been not fully developed or established. per philosopher, Homer had made a ‘comic – epic in verse’ however once more per philosopher, verse isn't the sole criterion for poetry. Fielding has solely combined the best of ‘comic – epic’ and also the ‘prose-epic’ to supply what he termed as “comic-epic literary work in prose”.

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Joseph Andrews as a picaresque novel.

Answer: Joseph Andrews can’t be referred to as a daily dishonorable novel for Fielding employs components of this tradition in associate exposition of his own theory of the Ridiculous. He was writing a “comic epic-poem in pose”. He adapts the dishonorable tradition to his own theory of the novel, that shows the influence of assorted alternative literary forms besides the dishonorable.

Joseph Andrews

However, the dishonorable motif helps Fielding to satisfy his aim of ridiculing the affectations of people at large. the various strata of society will be diagrammatical through the dishonorable mode. The travelers meet squires, innkeepers, landladies, persons, philosophers, lawyers and surgeons, beggars, pedlars and robbers and rogues. explicit social evils prevailing within the day, and follies and foibles of attribute normally square measure effectively exposed. Fielding’s humor is pungent as he presents the worldly and foxy monks and therefore the callous, vicious and inhuman country squires. Malice, stinginess, vanities, hypocrisies, lack of charity, all square measure ridiculed as human follies. .. .. Read The Full Answer.

Discuss about the organizational structures based on information systems.

Answer: Managerial decisions are made within the structure of an Organization, where an organizational structure identifies, among other things, the level of responsibility or authority and the scope of control that employees of the organization have. There are two types of organizational structures the pyramid, or hierarchical, structure and the task-based structure.

The pyramid structure:
One of the most popular organizational structures is the traditional pyramid or hierarchical structure in which the chief executive officer (CEO) and the top managers are at the top of the pyramid and non managerial employees (staff) form its base. Middle mangers fall somewhere between top management and staff. Let us take a closer look at these three levels.

• Lower level manager: Lower level managers are responsible for the day-to-day operations, activities, and transactions of an organization, which may include inventory control, payroll, processing sales transactions, and keeping track of employee work hours. They are responsible for the short-term performance of the company and mostly perform structured tasks, which are routine, are easily understood, and do not require intuition or judgment. For example, calculating necessary to solve structured problems is readily available and easily applicable to the given problem.


• Middle level manager: The next layer in the hierarchical organization comprises of middle managers, who coordinate, control, and monitor various activities in an organization and act as liaison between operational managers and top managers. The tasks performed by middle managers are partly structured and partly ambiguous, or unstructured; hence these tasks are called semi-structured. Semi structured tasks include assessing the impact of an increase in operational costs on company profits, appraising the impact of a new tax law on return on investment and so on.


• Top level manager: Finally, the top layer of the pyramid consists of top managers, who establish the vision and the long term goals of organization and chart its overall course. The decisions of top managers tend to unstructured—that is, decisions that rely heavily on intuition, judgment, and experience. Unstructured decisions include assessing the way of competitors may react to a new marketing strategy, predicting the impact of changes in the global economy, developing global competitive strategies and so on.

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Why students should study Management Information System? Why organization’s Need Information Systems?

Answer: Today, every student, regardless of his or her area of specialization, must have a solid foundation in the theory and principles of information systems. There are several reasons for this.

First, in an information-based society, the primary output of organizational workers consists of information and knowledge. As the complexity and sophistication of managing businesses increase, global and international economic pressures mount, political forces reshape the world in which we live and technology becomes intricately woven into the fabric of business, knowledge of computers and information systems is becoming essential for most employees.

Second, computers and information systems are already an integral part of our everyday lives; we use them in libraries, in banks and at home. For example, PIDEAC (Personal Identification and Entry Access Control), a company based in Yellow Springs, Ohio, has developed a system that encodes information about the shape of a person’s hand and stores it on a plastic card’s magnetic strip. The card has many different uses. Users can gain access to anything from a bank’s ATM to a high-security building by entering the card in a computer and placing their hand with the data encoded on the card. When a match is found, it gives the individual access to the system. PIDEAC even allows for minor changes due to hand injures or swelling.

Why organization’s Need Information Systems?
Today, few if any medium—or large-sized companies can survive without computers and information systems. In this section, we identify some reasons why organizations need information systems.

1. Meeting global challenge: The world has become a small place; the competition faced by a business is no longer limited by national boundaries. Companies therefore strive to produce high-quality goods and services that can bring many benefits, such as increased profits and market share, the challenges of running a global company are also significant.
2. Capturing Opportunities in the Marketplace: Successful companies are those that can identify strategic growth opportunities in the market place are known as strategic information systems (SIS). These systems have catapulted some companies to the top of their industries, leaving their competitors far behind.
3. Supporting corporate strategy: Companies use three basic strategies to compete successfully in the marketplace:


• They stay ahead of the competition by providing goods and services at a lower price than their competitors.
• They produce highly specialized or unique goods and services that allow them to stand apart from their competitors.
• They find a market niche and focus on meeting the needs of this special group.

These three strategies are not mutually exclusively; a company can use them in combination. Regardless of the strategy a company uses to stay ahead of the competition, information systems and technologies play an important role in the implementation of business strategies.


4. Linking department whose functions are different: Some years ago, departments or units with different functions in a business, such as accounting, finance, marketing, manufacturing and human resources, were viewed as separate business entities. Often the efforts of these departments were not coordinated; this resulted in inefficiencies and lost opportunities for the company. Today, most companies treat these apparently different departments as parts of a cohesive unit whose members must work together to achieve the overall goals of the business.
5. Enhancing worker productivity: The pervasiveness of computers and information systems in business has made them essential tools in many tasks, such as managing the shop floor, evaluating the performance of employees, tracking customers, reordering items, and generating the payroll.
6. Increase the quality of goods and services: Quality is a leading for top and middle managers around the world, regardless of the products and services that their companies produce. Total quality management (TQM) is one of the most popular and most widely used approached for enhancing quality in an organization. Quality-oriented efforts and decisions are highly information-intensive, so computers help a company achieve its quality goals by providing the right information to the right people at the right time.

What do you understand by Management Information System? Discuss the scopes of Management Information System.

Answer: Management information systems are a broad class of systems that provide decision makers with the information necessary to make effective decisions in a world that has almost overnight become an “electronic showroom”. Such systems are competitive tools that allow organizations to create new, innovative products and service quickly, efficiently, and effectively. For an example, computer and information systems are playing a vital role in the growth of Pioneer Hi-Bred into one of the most successful agricultural companies in the world. They are helping the company in many ways, such as reducing the time it takes to bring goods to market and improving inventory management.

MIS

The field or scopes of management information systems:
The field of management information systems (MIS) is the study of information and its impact on the individual, the organization, and society. Quite often, when we think about information systems we think of computers. Although computers are at the heart of today’s information systems, a number of important social, organizational, behavioral, and ethical issues also surround the study of information systems. An appropriate analogy is the field of medicine. Medicine and its branches revolve around the human body and its various parts are functions. Areas that continue to influence the field of MIS include;

1. Computer science: Computer science theories and methods of computation, efficient data storage and access and their impact on information.
2. Political science: The political impact and uses of information both within and outside the organization.
3. Psychology: Psychology is the cognitive models of human reasoning and behavior as they relate to information.
4. Operations research: Operation research is the scientific models that enhance decision making and make use of information to solve complex problems.
5. Linguistics: Linguistics is the languages and human communications and other influence on the creation and use of information.
6. Sociology: Sociology is the principles governing society as it relates to shaping information policies and principles.
7. Organization theory and behavior: Organization theory and behavior is the nature and characteristics of organizations and their effect on the way human brings use information to make decisions.

MIS is a system that creates, processes, stores, and generates information within and outside an organization. A system is a collection of parts that work together to achieve a common goal.

Management Information System (MIS)

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Management Info System.

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Q. What do you understand by Management Information System?

Q. Discuss the scopes of Management Information System.

 
Answer: Management information systems are a broad class of systems that provide decision makers with the information necessary to make effective decisions in a world that has almost overnight become an “electronic showroom”. Such systems are competitive tools that allow organizations to create new, innovative products and service quickly, efficiently, and effectively.....Read More.

Q. Why students should study Management Information System?
Q. Why organization’s Need Information Systems?

 
Answer: Today, every student, regardless of his or her area of specialization, must have a solid foundation in the theory and principles of information systems. There are several reasons for this....Read More.

How does Aeschylus build intense dramatic suspense around Agamemnon's home coming in the play Agamemnon?

Agamemnon is treated as the masterpiece of Aeschylus. In it the action takes place before the palace of Agamemnon in Argos at the time of his victorious return from the Trojan War. Besides, the grand theme of the play based on sin, murder, punishment and a fatalistic conception of human life', the intense dramatic suspense around Agamemnon's homecoming occupies an important theme of the play. In order to create this dramatic suspense, Aeschylus imposes his creative and dramatic genius and we see how he was interested to represent this dramatic suspense. Although this dramatic suspense operates no serious purpose for the main action of the play it enhances our dramatic interest to a great extent. The suspense is created before Agamemnon's arrival by the speeches of Watchman, Elders of Argos, Herald and so on. There is hope and also forbidding in the speeches.

The dramatic suspense is firstly created by the Watchman who waits in the dead of night and suddenly sends out a cry of joy as the signal blazes forth announcing the imminent return of Agamemnon. The Watchman strikes the first note of approaching calamity by guarded hints and allusion to Clytemnestra's adulterous relation with Aegisthus, Agamemnon's mortal enemy.

Dramatic suspense lies among the mixed feeling in the expression of Chorus. The Chorus' emphasis is stronger on foreboding. It is not only Clytemnestra who arouses their fear - they trust Agamemnon to find a way to deal with her when he returns, but they know that the King himself is burdened with guilt. They recount in detail how Agamemnon, inheriting the family curses from Atreus; found himself faced with a fearful dilemma, and made the wrong choice to sacrifice his daughter. However, Aeschylus and Sophocles contain excellent dramatic motivation. Oracles, divinities and sooth Sayers as well as the chorus and main actors were frequently used in the foreshadowing. Foreshadowing (giving intimation or hints of action yet to come,) which helped to achieve both suspense and dramatic irony was employed.

Agamemnon

The Watchman of this play feels sway in his condition for the suspense of situation. The Watchman describes that sleep's enemy ‘fear’ stands beside him to forbid his eyes one instance closing. As the beacon shines out, before the Watchman the suspenseful circumstance further deepens:

"0 welcome beacon, kindling night to glorious day,
Welcome! You'll set them dancing in every street in Argos
When they hear your message. Ho there! Hullo! Call
Clytemnestra!"

The Watchman descends and another dramatic suspense starts by a cry of triumph from Clytemnestra and is echoed by other women. The hurried coming of a messenger followed by the attendants, going in various directions, and carrying jars and bowls with oil and incense for sacrifice increase the suspenseful situation. There is suspense in the circumlocutory speeches of the chorus and their conversations and interrogation with Clytemnestra. Clytemnestra creates confusion and suspicion by her speeches when she herself says that the victors would avoid being vanquished in their turn. Clytemnestra says that only, let no lust of unlawful plunder tempt the soldiers' hearts with wealth, to their own harm. >> Read More <<

Character of Clytemnestra in the play Agamemnon.

Agamemnon is the first play in a trilogy of tragedies by Aeschylus entitled the Oresteia. Even though Agamemnon gets a shout-out in the play's title, Clytemnestra may well be its most interesting character. By interesting, we don't mean likable – after all, technically speaking, she is a liar, a two-timer, and a murderer. But maybe that's just part of her charm. We'd better explain. The first thing we learn about Clytemnestra is from the Watchman in the opening scene of the play. He isn't her biggest fan, though he doesn't give us any explanation why. Instead, he makes a vague remark about how the household "is not managed for the best as it was before" (19). But what does that mean, exactly? Did Clytemnestra stiff him on his overtime pay or something?

We might get a hint of what the Watchman means later on in the play, when the Chorus tells the Herald that Clytemnestra's public statements about how much she loves her husband aren't exactly honest. Does the Chorus say this because it knows about her affair with Aegisthus? We aren't told. If this was common knowledge in Argos, it is possible that this is what the Watchman is referring to – though, it isn't clear how Clytemnestra's extra-marital love life would necessarily make her a bad manager of the household.

So, yes, Clytemnestra is having an affair while Agamemnon is off fighting at Troy. Ten years might seem like a long time to wait for one's husband; of course, Penelope, the heroine of Homer's Odyssey waited twenty years for her husband to come back. Everyone thinks she's exceptional, though. But what about the fact that Agamemnon had his daughter Iphigenia sacrificed on the way to Troy, just to get the goddess Artemis to send the fleet some favorable winds? We can see how that might have made Clytemnestra think a little less of her husband, and maybe this is why she turned elsewhere for romance. >>Click Here to Read More>>